THE USE OF TOTAL PHYSICAL METHOD IN TEACHING ENLISH TO PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Keywords:
TPR methodology, teaching framework, lesson organization, active learning, student-centered approach, language acquisition process, instructional strategies, primary classroom techniquesAbstract
This article analyzes the methodological foundations of using the Total Physical Response (TPR) method in primary education. It focuses on the pedagogical principles, teaching strategies, and practical organization of lessons based on TPR. The method is explained as a learner-centered approach that combines language input with physical activity, which supports better comprehension and long-term memory. In addition, the article examines how TPR can be structured in classroom practice, including stages of lesson planning, teacher guidance, and student interaction. It also highlights that this method supports cognitive development and active learning, especially for young learners.
Overall, the study shows that the methodological basis of TPR makes it a reliable and effective approach for organizing English lessons in primary education.
References
1.Harmer, J. (2021). How to Teach English (New updated ed.). Pearson Education, pp. 89–105.
2.Pinter, A. (2021). Teaching young language learners in multilingual contexts. Language Teaching, 54(3),pp. 379–394.
3.Willis, J., & Willis, D. (2021). Task-based learning and young learners. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 15(4),pp. 320–334.
4.Zhang, Y., & Zou, L. (2021). Movement and cognition in second language acquisition: Implications for young learners. Educational Psychology Review, 33(3),pp. 789–807.
5.Lee, J. F., & VanPatten, B. (2021). Making Communicative Language Teaching Happen (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill Education, pp. 140–158.
6.Macaro, E. (2021). English Medium Instruction: Content and Language in Policy and Practice. Oxford University Press, pp. 92–108.
7.Garton, S., & Copland, F. (2022). Young learner language education: International perspectives. TESOL Quarterly, 56(2),pp. 430–448.
8.Nguyen, H. T. M. (2022). The effectiveness of Total Physical Response in enhancing vocabulary acquisition among young learners. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 13(2),pp. 245–253.
9.Tomlinson, B. (2022). Materials development for young learners. ELT Journal, 76(1),pp. 15–27.
10.Widodo, H. P. (2022). Integrating movement-based learning strategies in primary English classrooms. International Journal of TESOL Studies, 4(1),pp. 33–47.